REGISTERS

Registers are specialized locations for information storage. Through the register component of the processor, information is both stored and retrieved from specific register locations. This information is then used for memory address computation, arithemetic computation, or branch comparisons.

The address of the information to be read comes in through the two arrows located on the top left of the component, entitled "read register 1, read register 2." The register component then retrieves the data located at these specified locations, and outputs the data through "read data 1, read data 2." The write register/write data components are used to store data in specified registers.

SIGN EXTENDER

The sign extender takes a 16 bit input and produces a 32 bit output.

Example:

0000 0000 0000 0010 = 2 ten (16 bit)

0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0010 = 2 ten (32 bit)

So the sign extender increases the size of the input from 16 bits to 32 bits.

ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT (ALU)

The arithemtic logic unit, or ALU, performs address calculation, arithmetic operations, and branch comparisons. This occurs as a result of the two inputs that come into the ALU from the left side of the component. Then, based upon the control indicator, entering from the bottom, one of the forementioned operations is done upon the incoming data. The result is then output from the result output line.

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